Theoretical Cost Analysis
Communication costs in total bits. Select an operation to compare protocols. Formulas rendered with KaTeX.
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Online communication cost — bar width proportional to cost expression length (rough proxy). Color indicates tech type.
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Notation
$\ell$ — bit length of secret-shared values
$n$ — number of elements (e.g. vector length)
$\Lambda$ — computational security parameter
$\kappa$ — statistical security parameter
$\mu, \nu$ — mantissa/exponent bit lengths
$CT_{\text{BFV}}, CT_{\text{CKKS}}, CT_{\text{Pai}}$ — ciphertext sizes
$\mathcal{O}(\cdot)$ — asymptotic notation
— denotes no offline phase / not applicable